Add extension upgrade template regression test

[jrgemignani]

Note: This PR was created with AI tools and a human.

Add a version-agnostic regression test (age_upgrade) that validates the upgrade template (age----y.y.y.sql) works correctly by simulating a full extension version upgrade within "make installcheck".

Add full upgrade scripts to the install path (DATA) in the Makefile, excluding template upgrade files. This enables the install to copy all version upgrade files into the PG AGE install. This is needed for ALTER EXTENSION

Adjusted installcheck.yaml to allow git commit history for this test.

Makefile infrastructure:

• Build the install SQL (age--.sql) from the initial version-bump commit in git history, so CREATE EXTENSION installs "day-one" SQL while the .so comes from current HEAD — implicitly testing backward compat.
• Build a synthetic "next" version (age--.sql) from HEAD and stamp the upgrade template to produce age----.sql.
• Add an installcheck prerequisite that temporarily installs both synthetic files into the PG extension directory; a generated cleanup script removes them at the end of the test via ! shell escape. EXTRA_CLEAN catches stragglers on "make clean".
• Skip the test automatically when: (a) no git history (tarball builds), (b) no upgrade template exists, or (c) a real upgrade script from the current version is already committed (detected via git ls-files).o

Regression test (regress/sql/age_upgrade.sql):

• Creates 3 graphs (company, network, routes) with 8 vertex labels, 8 edge labels, 23 vertices, 28 edges, and 4 GIN indexes.
• Records integrity checksums (agtype sums), vertex/edge counts, and label counts before the upgrade; repeats all checks after ALTER EXTENSION UPDATE to the synthetic next version.
• Verifies structural queries: VLE management chains, circular follow chains, flight distances with edge properties.
• Verifies all 4 GIN indexes survive the upgrade via pg_indexes.
• Uses ORDER BY on all multi-row queries for deterministic output.
• Returns agtype natively (no ::numeric casts) for portability.
• Avoids version-dependent output (checks boolean IS NOT NULL instead of printing the version string).
• Uses JOIN-based label counts to avoid NULL comparison bugs with the internal _ag_catalog graph.
• Cleans up all 3 graphs and restores the default AGE version.

modified: Makefile
new file: regress/expected/age_upgrade.out
new file: regress/sql/age_upgrade.sql
modified: .github/workflows/installcheck.yaml

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Adds a new regression test that simulates an in-place Apache AGE extension upgrade (via the upgrade template) during make installcheck, and updates build/install infrastructure to make upgrade scripts available to ALTER EXTENSION ... UPDATE.

Changes:

• Add age_upgrade regression test (regress/sql/age_upgrade.sql) with expected output (regress/expected/age_upgrade.out) to validate upgrade-template correctness and post-upgrade data/index integrity.
• Update the Makefile to install real upgrade scripts into $(SHAREDIR)/extension/, generate synthetic “next” version SQL + stamped upgrade SQL for testing, and conditionally include the new regression test.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 3 out of 3 changed files in this pull request and generated 6 comments.

File	Description
Makefile	Adds conditional upgrade-test infrastructure, installs upgrade scripts, and stages synthetic upgrade artifacts for installcheck.
regress/sql/age_upgrade.sql	New upgrade regression test that creates graphs/indexes, upgrades the extension, and validates data/index survival.
regress/expected/age_upgrade.out	Expected output for the new age_upgrade test.

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